I think your situation will be improved in a few years when this is enacted based on what I've read (see below). Again I didn't write this **** but I did read it. These next few excerpts are about people who will struggle to pay for premiums and copay with their current living situations. I know we all want to know where this money is coming from. As do I. I know they are cutting Medicare by 500B or so.
(In 2003, George W. Bush signed "Medicare Part D" into law, it was the Medicare prescription drug benefit plus a program called "Medicare Advantage," which allowed seniors to use their Medicare funds to buy insurance on the private market. By 2009, it was clear that Medicare Advantage was a failure--the government was losing money by letting people buy private insurance. What the Affordable Care Act does is end Medicare Advantage--saving $500 billion--and plows some of that money into expanding Medicaid, and providing subsidies for people who can't afford health insurance.)
Page 129, Sec. 36B - Starting in 2014, gives a refundable tax credit to everyone who makes too much to qualify for Medicaid, but makes less than 400% of the poverty line (which, again, is based on your age and how many people are in your household). Depending on how much you make, this could save you up to $10,000 a year. A refundable tax credit is basically a discount on your taxes, and if it's more money than you pay in taxes, you actually get the extra money back as a refund. This is the bill's answer to the question "How will I afford insurance if I make too much to qualify for Medicare, but not enough to afford insurance on my own?".
Page 138, Sec. 1402 - If I'm reading this right, insurers must reduce costs (both co-pays and overall costs) for everyone who makes too much to qualify for Medicaid, but makes less than 400% of the poverty line (which, like I said last time, is based on your age and how many people are in your household). Depending on how much you make, your co-pay costs could be slashed by up to two-thirds the normal price, and your overall costs could be covered up to 94%. If you're an Indian (presumably Native American Indian) making under 300% of the poverty line, you have no co-pay. This section specifically says it only applies to citizens and legal aliens living in the US (so no illegal aliens allowed)
Unfunded liability ... ie, payout out more than we are taking in. This is a problem in the future.
And I have never personally lived in Canada I just go with the stats that I have and they are pretty much summed up on wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_the_health_care_systems_in_Canada_and_the_United_States
Also the denial for previous conditions you have talked about above are all well before anything in Obamacare goes into effect. Full Prexisting condition coverage will not be in place until 2014. Most will be 2013. It was at the discretion of the companies how much they charge you.
NOW:
It makes a "high-risk pool" for people with pre-existing conditions. Basically, this is a way to slowly ease into getting rid of "pre-existing conditions" altogether. For now, people who already have health issues that would be considered "pre-existing conditions" can still get insurance, but at different rates than people without them. ( Citation: Page 30, sec. 1101, Page 45, sec. 2704, and Page 46, sec. 2702 )
Unfunded liability.
1/1/2014:
This is when a lot of the really big changes happen.
No more "pre-existing conditions". At all. People will be charged the same regardless of their medical history. ( Citation: Page 45, sec. 2704, Page 46, sec. 2701, and Page 57, sec. 1255 )
If you can afford insurance but do not get it, you will be charged a fee. This is the "mandate" that people are talking about. Basically, it's a trade-off for the "pre-existing conditions" bit, saying that since insurers now have to cover you regardless of what you have, you can't just wait to buy insurance until you get sick. Otherwise no one would buy insurance until they needed it. You can opt not to get insurance, but you'll have to pay the fee instead, unless of course you're not buying insurance because you just can't afford it. (Note: On 6/28/12, the Supreme Court ruled that this is Constitutional, as long as it's considered a tax on the uninsured and not a penalty for not buying insurance... nitpicking about wording, mostly, but the long and short of it is, it looks like this is accepted by the courts) ( Citation: Page 145, sec. 5000A, and here is the actual court ruling for those who wish to read it. )
Unfunded liability.